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Sample References

Journals

1. Standard article (List all authors when there are 6 or fewer; when there are 7 or more authors, list only the first 6 and add "et al.")

Vega KJ, Pina I, Krevsky B. Heart transplantation is associated with an increased risk for pancreatobiliary disease. Ann Intern Med. 1996;124:980-3.

2. Corporate author

Clinical exercise stress testing. Safety and performance guidelines. The Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand. Med J Aust. 1996;164:282-4.

3. Supplement

Shen HM, Zhang QF. Risk assessment of nickel carcinogenicity and occupational lung cancer. Environ Health Perspect 1994;102(Suppl 1):275-82.

4. Special format (also applies to abstracts and editorials)

Enzensberger W, Fischer PA. Metronome in Parkinson's disease [Letter]. Lancet. 1996;347:1337.

Books

List all authors or editors when 6 or fewer; when there are 7 or more authors, list only the first 6 and add "et al."

1. Author

Ringsven MK, Bond D. Gerontology and Leadership Skills for Nurses. 2nd ed. Albany, NY: Delmar; 1996.

2. Editors

Norman IJ, Redfern SJ, eds. Mental Health Care for Elderly People. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1996.

3. Chapter in a book

Phillips SJ, Whisnant JP. Hypertension and stroke. In: Laragh JH, Brenner BM, eds. Hypertension: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. 2nd ed. New York: Raven Pr; 1995:465-78.

4. Published proceedings paper

Bengtsson S, Solheim BG. Enforcement of data protection, privacy and security in medical informatics. In: Lun KC, Degoulet P, Piemme TE, Rienhoff O, eds. MEDINFO 92. Proceedings of the 7th World Congress on Medical Informatics; 6-10 September 1992; Geneva, Switzerland. Amsterdam: North-Holland; 1992:1561-5.

Other Citations in Reference List

1. In press (must have journal title)

Leshner AI. Molecular mechanisms of cocaine addiction. N Engl J Med. 1996; [In press].

2. Magazine article

Roberts JL. Villain or victim? Newsweek. 1996;4 Nov:40-1.

In-Text Citations of Unpublished Material (to be placed within parentheses)

1. Personal communication

(Strott CA, Nugent CA. Personal communication)

2. Unpublished papers

(Lerner RA, Dixon FJ. The induction of acute glomerulonephritis in rats. In preparation)

(Smith J. New agents for cancer chemotherapy. Presented at the Third Annual Meeting of the American Cancer Society, 13 June 1983, New York)

Citations of Electronic References

Cisler S. MediaTracks. Public Access Comput Syst Rev [serial on-line] 1990;109-15. Accessed at Public Access Computer Systems Forum PACS-L at www.pubaccess.com on 29 November 1997.