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Articles 
Eric B. Larson, Marie-Florence Shadlen, Li Wang, Wayne C. McCormick, James D. Bowen, Linda Teri, and Walter A. Kukull In community-dwelling elderly persons with Alzheimer disease, survival was shorter than predicted from U.S. population data. Features significantly associated with reduced survival at diagnosis included earlier age at onset, worse cognitive impairment, decreased function, falls, frontal release signs, and abnormal gait.
Christine Bellanné-Chantelot, Dominique Chauveau, Jean-François Gautier, Danièle Dubois-Laforgue, Séverine Clauin, Sandrine Beaufils, Jean-Marie Wilhelm, Christian Boitard, Laure-Hélène Noël, Gilberto Velho, and José Timsit Maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 5 encompasses a wide clinical spectrum of defects in organogenesis, which are related to specific mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor-1ß. Nonobese patients with diabetes and slowly progressive nondiabetic nephropathy should be tested for mutations of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1ß.
Mattijs E. Numans, Joseph Lau, Niek J. de Wit, and Peter A. Bonis Successful short-term treatment with a proton-pump inhibitor in patients suspected of having gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) does not change the probability of GERD enough to establish the diagnosis. When treatment is not successful, the probability of GERD decreases only slightly.
Barbara J. Turner, Mark Weiner, Chuya Yang, and Thomas TenHave No-show rates for physician appointments predicted attendance at colorectal endoscopic studies. High no-show rates for appointments with physicians may signify patients who need special reminders about appointments for endoscopy.
Brief Communications
Sebastian J. Padayatty, He Sun, Yaohui Wang, Hugh D. Riordan, Stephen M. Hewitt, Arie Katz, Robert A. Wesley, and Mark Levine The plasma concentration of vitamin C is regulated within narrow limits, and oral vitamin C has little effect on plasma levels. Intravenous administration of vitamin C results in high plasma and urine concentrations. This finding may explain discrepancies between past studies of the antitumor effects of vitamin C. Future studies of the role of vitamin C in cancer treatment should examine the intravenous route of administration.
NIH Conferences
Juan Gea-Banacloche, Richard T. Johnson, Anto Bagic, John A. Butman, Patrick R. Murray, and Amy Guillet Agrawal With more than 9000 cases and 200 deaths in the United States in 2003, West Nile virus has become the most common cause of viral encephalitis in several states. This paper discusses the pathogenesis of West Nile virus, available diagnostic tests, and potential treatment.
Clinical Guidelines
Angela Fowler-Brown, Michael Pignone, Mark Pletcher, Jeffrey A. Tice, Sonya F. Sutton, and Kathleen N. Lohr
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force* The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening and behavioral counseling interventions to reduce alcohol misuse by adults, including pregnant women, in primary care settings. The USPSTF concludes that the evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against interventions to prevent or reduce alcohol misuse by adolescents in primary care settings.
Evelyn P. Whitlock, Michael R. Polen, Carla A. Green, Tracy Orleans, and Jonathan Klein Behavioral counseling interventions are effective and could be part of a public health approach to reducing harmful use of alcohol by adult primary care patients. Future research should test strategies to facilitate adoption of these practices into routine health care.
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force* Among other recommendations, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends against routine screening with resting electrocardiography, exercise treadmill test, or electron-beam computerized tomography for coronary calcium for either the presence of severe coronary artery stenosis or predicting coronary heart disease events in adults at low risk for coronary heart disease events.
Editorials
Kenneth E. Covinsky and Kristine Yaffe According to a study in this issue, Alzheimer disease halves life expectancy at the time of diagnosis. This study can help patients, caregivers, and clinicians to set priorities within their respective roles. Thinking of dementia as a progressive, chronic disease may help clinicians to focus on palliative care planning and to assess their patients' preferences for care at the end of life.
On Being a Doctor
Bonnie Salomon Mr. B. most likely saw me not as a physician caring for him but as a shade of white, a voice of institutional racism—the enemy.
Letters Effects of Losartan in Hypertension without Vascular Disease
New Case of Acute Hepatitis Following the Consumption of Shou Wu Pian, a Chinese Herbal Product Derived from Polygonum multiflorum
Gabriela Mazzanti, Lucia Battinelli, Claudia Daniele, Claudio Maria Mastroianni, Miriam Lichtner, Simona Coletta, and Sergio Costantini Treatment of Early Lyme Disease
HIV Survival Benefit Associated with Earlier Antiviral Therapy
Itraconazole versus Fluconazole for Antifungal Prophylaxis
Suboptimal Monitoring and Dosing of Unfractionated Heparin
Eponyms and the Diagnosis of Aortic Regurgitation
Renal Insufficiency and Heart Failure Therapy
Mixing Politics and Zen
The Cost of Medicine
Judging a Confession
Montelukast-Induced Hepatitis
Marla J. Gold
Calvin H. Hirsch
Art Van Zee
Bill Holm
Molly Carnes and Jane E. Mahoney For internists, women's health generally encompasses nonobstetric reproductive health, sex and gender differences in diseases that occur in both men and women, and conditions that occur predominantly or uniquely in women. This Update discusses reports on genitourinary conditions, hormone therapy, cardiovascular disease, and breast cancer. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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