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Conflicting Duties to Patients: The Case of a Sexually Active Hepatitis B Carrier
Abstract
A hemodialysis nurse who is a hepatitis B carrier insists on continuing dialysis nursing and sexual relationships but refuses to inform her lovers. The implications of her stance pose an ethical problem for her physician: whether to keep confidentiality, whereby others may be exposed to her hepatitis, or to breach confidentiality in order to limit her patient care activities and to notify her lovers. Pertinent medical and epidemiologic facts, legal opinions, and ethical considerations are discussed. We propose that the physician's responsibility to keep an immediate patient's confidences outweighs the responsibility to protect others unless there is sound evidence for very certain, severe harm to specific others.
Article and Author Information
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▸From the Bioethics Program of the Health Policy Program, School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco; San Francisco, California.
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Grant support: in part by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.
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The opinions expressed in this paper are the authors' and not necessarily the opinions of the editorial staff. The case was adapted for this discussion.
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▸Requests for reprints should be addressed to Henry S. Perkins, M.D.; The Bioethics Program of the Health Policy Program, School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, 1362 Third Avenue; San Francisco, CA 94143.
