CHRONIC SODIUM CHLORIDE TOXICITY: THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ADDED POTASSIUM CHLORIDE*
- G. R. MENEELY, M.D., F.A.C.P.;
- C. O. T. BALL; and
- J. B. YOUMANS, M.D., F.A.C.P.
- Requests for reprints should be addressed to George R. Meneely, M.D., Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville 5, Tenn.
Excerpt
Early in our investigations of chronic sodium chloride toxicity, possible interrelations between dietary sodium and potassium came to our attention. There has been a good basis for suspecting such since 1843. At that time it was suggested, on the basis of direct chemical analysis, that the herbivores' need for salt and the occasion for their long journeys in search of it were due not to lack of sodium in the diet but to an excess of potassium. We drew attention to this in introductory remarks to our presentations before the September, 1952, meeting of the American Physiological Society.1, 2 These
This 100-word excerpt has been provided in the absence of an abstract.
Summario in Interlingua
In 1953 iste gruppo de autores reportava al Collegio American de Medicos lor observationes in re le effectos del augmentation de chloruro de natrium (commun sal de cocina) como le sol entitate variabile in un dieta que in altere respectos esseva completemente purificate. A ille tempore le autores signalava le possibilitate del existentia de un interrelation inter kalium e natrium e notava le facto que un tal esseva jam postulate in 1843, le anno quando directe analyses chimic demonstrava que le importante differentia que existe inter dietas herbivore e carnivore in le resultante proportion de kalium a natrium es le effecto de un multo plus alte ingestion de kalium per le herbivoros—le sol animales que cerca supplementos de chloruro de natrium a stationes salifere.
Un augmento del chloruro de natrium in le dieta administrate durante lor integre vita a 622 rattos mascule esseva proportionalmente associate con crescentia defective, hypertension, hypercholesteremia, edema, insufficientia renal e cardiac, augmento del spatio de natrium radioactive, anormalitates electrocardiographic, acceleration del mortalitate, e extense arteriosclerosis. Studios destinate a explorar le effecto del addition de chloruro de kalium a dietas ric in chloruro de natrium esseva initiate in 1953. Chloruro de kalium—addite in quantitates sufficiente pro approximar le contentos dietari de kalium e natrium al proportion 1:1—representava un remarcabile grado de protection. Le hypertension e su effectos esseva attenuate; le natrium del corpore total remaneva normal; e le superviventia probabile del animales experimental esseva dramaticamente augmentate. Un correspondente augmento del superviventia probabile in humanos amontarea a 20 annos o plus.
Durante que un excesso de sal commun es "dur" pro le rattos, le addition de chloruro de kalium protege le animales contra le effectos toxic del ingestion excessive de chloruro de natrium. Le majoritate del effectos adverse de un augmento del ingestion de chloruro de natrium non se manifesta ante que un tertio del vita normal del rattos ha passate. Le effectos super le superviventia, con nivellos de sal additional correspondente al "estimate consumption dietari de humanos in America," non es apparente ante etates tarde-median, e etiam le effectos protectori de kalium se manifesta solmente a ille tempore.
Article and Author Information
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From the Radioisotope Service and the Research Laboratory, Thayer Veterans Administration Hospital, and the Departments of Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, and Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
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The research reported was supported in part by the Life Insurance Medical Research Fund G-54-24 and the National Institutes of Health, H-1816.
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