Table of Contents

July 21, 2009; 151 (2)

Articles

  • The Association of HIV Susceptibility Testing With Survival Among HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cohort Study

    • Frank J. Palella, Jr.,
    • Carl Armon,
    • Kate Buchacz,
    • Stephen R. Cole,
    • Joan S. Chmiel,
    • Richard M. Novak,
    • Kathleen Wood,
    • Anne C. Moorman,
    • John T. Brooks,
    • and for the HOPS (HIV Outpatient Study) Investigators
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:73-84; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00003

    Drug susceptibility testing guides the choice of antiretroviral drugs. Genotypic susceptibility testing identifies HIV-1 mutations that confer antiretroviral drug resistance. Phenotypic susceptibility testing measures viral replication in the presence of the drugs. The effect of testing on survival is unknown. In an observational study, Palella and colleagues found that patients who had HIV-1 susceptibility testing were less likely to die than were patients who did not have testing. Whether this association is due to better treatment selection in tested patients or to confounding is unknown.

  • Predicting Deep Venous Thrombosis in Pregnancy: Out in “LEFt” Field?

    • Wee-Shian Chan,
    • Agnes Lee,
    • Frederick A. Spencer,
    • Mark Crowther,
    • Marc Rodger,
    • Tim Ramsay,
    • and Jeffrey S. Ginsberg
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:85-92; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00004

    The clinical predictors of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) are well known in the general population but not in pregnant women. Over 7 years, clinical thrombosis experts enrolled 194 pregnant women with suspected DVT in 5 Canadian centers, evaluated them, and did leg vein compression ultrasonography. Seventeen (8.8%) women had DVT. All had at least 1 of the following clinical predictors: left leg symptoms, difference in calf circumference of 2 cm or more, and presentation during the first trimester of pregnancy. These 3 variables may improve the accuracy of DVT diagnosis in pregnancy.

  • Computer-Assisted Screening for Intimate Partner Violence and Control: A Randomized Trial

    • Farah Ahmad,
    • Sheilah Hogg-Johnson,
    • Donna E. Stewart,
    • Harvey A. Skinner,
    • Richard H. Glazier,
    • and Wendy Levinson
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:93-102; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00124

    Intimate partner violence and control (IPVC) often goes unnoticed by health care systems, and screening is often difficult to implement. Ahmad and colleagues randomly assigned adult women at a single Canadian family practice clinic to a computer survey of questions about IPVC or to usual care. When a computer-generated report detailing patients' responses to the survey was attached to medical charts, family practitioners were more likely to ask about and detect IPVC. Computer-assisted screening for IPVC led to improved detection in a busy ambulatory care setting.

  • Using the Results of a Baseline and a Surveillance Colonoscopy to Predict Recurrent Adenomas With High-Risk Characteristics

    • Douglas J. Robertson,
    • Carol A. Burke,
    • H. Gilbert Welch,
    • Robert W. Haile,
    • Robert S. Sandler,
    • E. Robert Greenberg,
    • Dennis J. Ahnen,
    • Robert S. Bresalier,
    • Richard I. Rothstein,
    • Bernard Cole,
    • Leila A. Mott,
    • and John A. Baron
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:103-109; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00007

    Robertson and coworkers studied 564 patients who had 2 surveillance colonoscopies after a baseline colonoscopy that showed an adenoma. They used the results of the first (baseline) and second studies to predict a high-risk adenoma on the third one. When the second examination showed no adenomas, the prevalence of high-risk adenoma on the third examination was 4.9% if the baseline examination showed low-risk adenomas and 12.3% if it showed high-risk adenomas. When deciding on the interval between surveillance colonoscopies, clinicians should consider the baseline colonoscopy results.

Improving Patient Care

  • Internet-Based Self-management Plus Education Compared With Usual Care in Asthma: A Randomized Trial

    • Victor van der Meer,
    • Moira J. Bakker,
    • Wilbert B. van den Hout,
    • Klaus F. Rabe,
    • Peter J. Sterk,
    • Job Kievit,
    • Willem J.J. Assendelft,
    • Jacob K. Sont,
    • and for the SMASHING (Self-Management in Asthma Supported by Hospitals, ICT, Nurses and General Practitioners) Study Group
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:110-120; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00008

    This randomized trial compared Internet-based asthma self-management with usual care in 200 adults with asthma. van der Meer and colleagues found modest improvements in asthma control and lung function with the Internet intervention but no reduction in exacerbations and changes in asthma-related quality of life that were less than clinically significant at 12 months. Although Internet-based self-management improved some asthma outcome measures, the improvements were small, and the program did not affect the number of exacerbations.

Review

  • Meta-analysis: Can Helicobacter pylori Eradication Treatment Reduce the Risk for Gastric Cancer?

    • Lorenzo Fuccio,
    • Rocco Maurizio Zagari,
    • Leonardo Henry Eusebi,
    • Liboria Laterza,
    • Vincenzo Cennamo,
    • Liza Ceroni,
    • Diego Grilli,
    • and Franco Bazzoli
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:121-128; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00009

    Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with an increased risk for gastric cancer. Fuccio and coworkers reviewed 7 randomized trials that compared eradication treatment withno treatment in H. pylori–positive patients and assessed subsequent gastric cancer or progression of preneoplastic lesions. Overall, 37 of 3388 (1.1%) treated patients developed gastric cancer compared with 56 of 3307 (1.7%) untreated control participants. In a pooled analysis of 6 studies, the relative risk for gastric cancer was 0.65 (95% CI, 0.43 to 0.98). Helicobacter pylori eradication seems to reduce gastric cancer risk.

Perspectives

  • Cholesterol Control Beyond the Clinic: New York City's Trans Fat Restriction

    • Sonia Y. Angell,
    • Lynn Dee Silver,
    • Gail P. Goldstein,
    • Christine M. Johnson,
    • Deborah R. Deitcher,
    • Thomas R. Frieden,
    • and Mary T. Bassett
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:129-134; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00010

    Cholesterol control efforts have focused on consumer education and medical treatment. An approach is to change the makeup of food—a route the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene took when it restricted artificial trans fat in restaurants. Preliminary analyses suggest that replacement of artificial trans fat has resulted in products with more healthful fatty acid profiles. Angell and colleagues describe the rationale and process that led to this ruling and the Department's experience in implementing it.

Editorials

  • Cohorts, Trials, and Evidence: Expanding Our Confidence in Guidelines for Antiretroviral Resistance Testing

    • Paul Volberding
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:135-136; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00011

    In this issue, Palella and colleagues investigated the utility of HIV drug resistance testing by analyzing patient survival as a function of whether a physician had ordered either a genotype or a phenotype resistance test. Their report is instructive and highlights the advantages and limitations of observational research versus randomized clinical trials. Their results are encouraging and reinforce current guidelines for drug resistance testing in HIV care.

  • Safer Fats for Healthier Hearts: The Case for Eliminating Dietary Artificial Trans Fat Intake

    • Julie Louise Gerberding
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:137-138; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00012

    In this issue, Angell and colleagues describe the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene's trans fat restriction program. The successful intervention raises a key policy question: Is it time to institute broader federal government efforts to assure that people in all communities experience the potential health benefits of safer dietary fats? To answer this question, we must assess the evidence of health benefits, the feasibility of national elimination, and the need for federal government intervention.

On Being a Doctor

  • The Show

    • David H. Balaban
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:139-140; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907070-00013

    The appointment looked innocent enough: “10:30 a.m. Weinstein, Estelle. Follow-up.” I was the new doctor, just out of residency and filling in for a recently departed internist as a locum tenens physician. Usually that meant seeing urgent-care patients with little chance of establishing a lasting relationship.

Letters

  • Lamivudine and Hepatitis B Reactivation

    • Chiun Hsu,
    • Ann-Lii Cheng,
    • and Pei-Jer Chen
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:141; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00014

  • Lamivudine and Hepatitis B Reactivation

    • Rohit Loomba,
    • Frank Pucino,
    • and Gyorgy Csako
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:141-142; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00015

  • Clarifying the Principles of Cost-Effectiveness Analyses

    • Robert C. Burack
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:142; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00016

  • Clarifying the Principles of Cost-Effectiveness Analyses

    • John B. Wong
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:142; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00017

  • Posaconazole-Induced Topiramate Toxicity

    • Deborah Marriott,
    • Russell Levy,
    • Tom Doyle,
    • and John Ray
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:143; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00018

  • Correction: Evolving Concepts in Potassium Homeostasis and Hypokalemia

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:143-144; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00019

  • Correction: Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:144; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00020

Current Clinical Issues

  • Can Disease Prevention Save Health Reform?

    • Jennifer Fisher Wilson
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:145-148; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00021

Ad Libitum

  • Death of a Dementia Patient

    • Philip W. Smith
    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:102; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200906020-00006

Medical Notices

  • Medical Notices

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:0; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00022

Summaries for Patients

  • Predicting Deep Venous Thrombosis in Pregnancy

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:I-36; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00002

  • Internet-Based Program to Assist Patients in Asthma Care

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:I-42; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-00001

ACP Journal Club

  • Editorial: The devil is in the details…or not? A primer on individual patient data meta-analysis

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-2; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02002

  • Oral anticoagulant therapy safely prevented stroke in older patients with atrial fibrillation

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-4; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02004

  • Warfarin thromboprophylaxis in cancer did not reduce risk for catheter-related thrombosis

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-5; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02005

  • Review: Blood pressure–lowering treatments reduce CV morbidity and mortality in patients receiving dialysis

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-6; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02006

  • Fondaparinux led to less bleeding than enoxaparin in patients with non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-7; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02007

  • Review: CABG and percutaneous coronary intervention do not differ for long-term mortality in multivessel coronary artery disease

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-8; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02008

  • Percutaneous coronary intervention was not as effective as CABG for severe coronary artery disease

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-9; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02009

  • Review: Differences in efficacy and acceptability exist for 12 new-generation antidepressants for major depression

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-10; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02010

  • Review: Nicotine gum and varenicline, but not behavioral interventions, reduce relapse in persons who have stopped smoking

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-11; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02011

  • Adding metformin to insulin did not improve a composite of microvascular and macrovascular disease in type 2 diabetes

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-12; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02012

  • Review: Little evidence exists for type of dressing or support surface or for nutritional supplements for pressure ulcers

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-13; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02013

  • Immediate listing for liver transplantation did not differ from usual care for overall survival in stage B alcoholic cirrhosis

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-14; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02014

  • High consumption of red meat and processed meat was associated with increased risk for mortality

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-15; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02015

  • Glossary

    Ann Intern Med July 21, 2009 151:JC1-16; doi:10.1059/0003-4819-151-2-200907210-02016
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This Issue

July 21, 2009; 151 (2)
  1. Articles
  2. Improving Patient Care
  3. Review
  4. Perspectives
  5. Editorials
  6. On Being a Doctor
  7. Letters
  8. Current Clinical Issues
  9. Ad Libitum
  10. Medical Notices
  11. Summaries for Patients
  12. ACP Journal Club

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