Systematic Review: Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Premixed Insulin Analogues in Type 2 Diabetes

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   Appendix Figure. Study flow diagram.

   FDA = U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

   * The total may exceed the number in the corresponding box because articles could be excluded for more than 1 reason at this level.
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   Figure 1. Weighted mean difference of change in postprandial glucose level with premixed insulin analogues versus other antidiabetic agents.

   Error bars represent 95% CIs. To convert glucose values to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0555.

   * Pooled results include those of a study (43) that administered insulin lispro 50/50 in the morning and afternoon and insulin lispro 75/25 in the evening.

   † Pooled results include those of a study (55) that administered insulin lispro 50/50 in the morning and insulin lispro 75/25 in the evening.

   ‡ Reference 21 was excluded.
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   Figure 2. Weighted mean difference of change in fasting glucose level with premixed insulin analogues versus other antidiabetic agents.

   Error bars represent 95% CIs. To convert glucose values to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0555.

   * Pooled results include those of a study (43) that administered insulin lispro 50/50 in the morning and afternoon and insulin lispro 75/25 in the evening.

   † Reference 21 was excluded.
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   Figure 3. Weighted mean difference of change in hemoglobin A_1c level with premixed insulin analogues versus other antidiabetic agents.

   Error bars represent 95% CIs.

   * Pooled results include those of a study (43) that administered insulin lispro 50/50 in the morning and afternoon and insulin lispro 75/25 in the evening.

   † Pooled results include those of a study (55) that administered insulin lispro 50/50 in the morning and insulin lispro 75/25 in the evening.

   ‡ Reference 21 was excluded.
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   Figure 4. Incidence of unclassified hypoglycemia, serious hypoglycemia, mild hypoglycemia, and symptom-only hypoglycemia with premixed insulin analogues versus other antidiabetic agents.

   Error bars represent 95% CIs.
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   Figure 5. Incidence of clinical outcomes with premixed insulin analogues versus other antidiabetic agents.

   Error bars represent 95% CIs.

   * Combined outcome includes all-cause mortality and cardiovascular morbidity.