Systematic Review: Randomized, Controlled Trials of Nonsurgical Treatments for Urinary Incontinence in Women

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Study flow diagram.

PFMT = pelvic floor muscle training; UI = urinary incontinence. *Literature search was conducted to examine diagnosis of, prevalence of, incidence of, risk factors for, and clinical interventions for UI and fecal incontinence. †Some randomized, controlled trials examined several interventions.

This Article

  1. Published Ahead of Print February 11, 2008, Ann Intern Med March 18, 2008 vol. 148 no. 6 459-473
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