Systematic Review: Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Oral Medications for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

  1. Shari Bolen, MD, MPH;
  2. Leonard Feldman, MD;
  3. Jason Vassy, MD, MPH;
  4. Lisa Wilson, BS, ScM;
  5. Hsin-Chieh Yeh, PhD;
  6. Spyridon Marinopoulos, MD, MBA;
  7. Crystal Wiley, MD, MPH;
  8. Elizabeth Selvin, PhD;
  9. Renee Wilson, MS;
  10. Eric B. Bass, MD, MPH; and
  11. Frederick L. Brancati, MD, MHS
  1. From Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Evidence-based Practice Center, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
    1. Figure 1. *Numbers add up to more than the number of abstracts or articles excluded because there may have been more than 1 reason for exclusion. †More than two thirds of the articles that were excluded for having fewer than 40 participants would have been excluded for other reasons as well. ‡The numbers of articles for intermediate outcomes, adverse events, microvascular and macrovascular outcomes, and mortality are not mutually exclusive.
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        Figure 1. *Numbers add up to more than the number of abstracts or articles excluded because there may have been more than 1 reason for exclusion. †More than two thirds of the articles that were excluded for having fewer than 40 participants would have been excluded for other reasons as well. ‡The numbers of articles for intermediate outcomes, adverse events, microvascular and macrovascular outcomes, and mortality are not mutually exclusive. Study flow diagram.
      • Figure 2. Error bars represent 95% CIs. To convert cholesterol and triglyceride values to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0259 and 0.0113, respectively. Glyb = glyburide; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; Met = metformin; Pio = pioglitazone; RCT = randomized, controlled trial; Repag = repaglinide; Rosi = rosiglitazone; SU = sulfonylurea; TZD = thiazolidinedione.
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          Figure 2. Error bars represent 95% CIs. To convert cholesterol and triglyceride values to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0259 and 0.0113, respectively. Glyb = glyburide; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; Met = metformin; Pio = pioglitazone; RCT = randomized, controlled trial; Repag = repaglinide; Rosi = rosiglitazone; SU = sulfonylurea; TZD = thiazolidinedione. Weighted mean difference in blood pressure, laboratory values, and body weight with use of oral medications for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
        • Figure 3. Error bars represent 95% CIs. Glyb = glyburide; Met = metformin; Repag = repaglinide; SU = sulfonylurea; TZD = thiazolidinedione.
          View larger version:
            Figure 3. Error bars represent 95% CIs. Glyb = glyburide; Met = metformin; Repag = repaglinide; SU = sulfonylurea; TZD = thiazolidinedione. Pooled hypoglycemia results for randomized trials, by drug comparison.

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