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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection and the Kidney
- Richard J. Glassock, MD;
- Arthur H. Cohen, MD;
- Gabriel Danovitch, MD; and
- K. Peter Parsa, MD
Abstract
Since the first report on the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1981, organ involvement of AIDS has increased. We discuss the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the causative agent of AIDS, on the field of nephrology. Hyponatremia, the commonest fluid and electrolyte abnormality, is caused by various pathophysiologic mechanisms, including adrenal insufficiency. The renal parenchymal complications are diverse, but a new entity, HIV-associated nephropathy, is becoming recognized because of its characteristic clinical and pathologic features, including the fact that it causes irreversible renal failure. HIV infection in patients with end-stage renal failure, both before and after initiation of maintenance dialysis, is a significant problem. The present methods of preventing spread of virus in dialysis units seem successful. Few patients who are infected with HIV or who have AIDS have had renal transplantation, although unsuspected viral infection of cadaveric organs remains a concern.
Article and Author Information
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An edited summary of an Interdepartmental Conference arranged by the Department of Medicine of the UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California. William M. Pardridge, MD, Professor of Medicine, is Director of Conferences.
Authors who wish to cite a section of the conference and specifically indicate its author can use this example as the form of the reference:
Parsa KP. Infection in patients on dialysis, pp 40-45. In: Glassock RJ, moderator. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the kidney. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:35-49.
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Requests for Reprints: Richard J. Glassock, MD, Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90509.
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Current Author Addresses: Dr. Glassock: Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, 1000 Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90509.
Dr. Cohen: Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, 1000 Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90509.
Dr. Danovitch: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024.
Dr. Parsa: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, 1000 Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90509.
- © 1990 American College of Physicians
