 |
 |
|
|
|  PubMed
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 October 2004 | Volume 141 Issue 8 | Pages 590-597
Background: Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for secondary breast cancer. Other than previous chest radiation therapy, risk factors for secondary breast cancer have not been established.
Objective: To identify risk factors for breast cancer among female survivors of childhood cancer.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS), a multicenter study of persons who survived more than 5 years after childhood cancer diagnosed from 1970 to 1986.
Participants: Among 6068 women in the CCSS, 95 women had 111 confirmed cases of breast cancer.
Measurements: Standardized incidence ratios for breast cancer were calculated by using age-specific incidence rates in the general population. Breast cancer incidence was evaluated with respect to primary cancer diagnosis and therapy, age at and time since primary diagnosis, menstrual and reproductive history, and family history of cancer.
Results: Breast cancer risk was increased in survivors who were treated with chest radiation therapy (standardized incidence ratio, 24.7 [95% CI, 19.3 to 31.0]) and survivors of bone and soft-tissue sarcoma who were not treated with chest radiation therapy (standardized incidence ratios, 6.7 and 7.6, respectively). Family history of breast cancer (relative rate, 2.7 [CI, 1.3 to 5.0]) and history of thyroid disease (relative rate, 1.7 [CI, 1.1 to 2.6]) were independently associated with increased risk, and exposure to pelvic radiation was protective (relative rate, 0.6 [CI, 0.4 to 0.9]). Age at primary cancer diagnosis and menstrual and reproductive histories did not statistically significantly modify risk.
Limitations: This cohort has not yet attained an age at which breast cancer risk is greatest.
Conclusion: Survivors of childhood sarcomas and those who received chest radiation therapy are at risk for secondary breast cancer. When assessing a survivor's risk, clinicians should consider primary diagnosis, previous radiation therapy, family cancer history, and history of thyroid disease.
Editors' Notes
Context
Contribution
Implications
–The Editors
Author and Article Information
From Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; Children's Hospital and Ohio State University College of Medicine and Public Health, Columbus, Ohio; University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Acknowledgment: The authors thank Yan Liu for her expert assistance in data analysis.
Grant Support: By the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (grant CA 55727); Children's Cancer Research Fund, Minneapolis, Minnesota; David B. Perini, Jr. Quality of Life Clinic, Boston, Massachusetts; and Swim-Across-America Foundation.
Potential Financial Conflicts of Interest: None disclosed.
Requests for Single Reprints: Lisa B. Kenney, MD, David B. Perini, Jr. Quality of Life Clinic, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115; e-mail, Lisa_Kenney{at}DFCI.harvard.edu.
Current Author Addresses: Drs. Kenney and Diller: David B. Perini, Jr. Quality of Life Clinic, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115.
Dr. Yasui: Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, PO Box 19024, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, M4-B402, Seattle, WA 98109-1024.
Mr. Inskip: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Executive Plaza South, Room 7052, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Dr. Hammond: Anatomic Pathology, Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205.
Dr. Neglia: Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, MMC 484, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455.
Dr. Mertens: Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, MMC 715, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455.
Dr. Meadows: The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Dr. Friedman: Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mailstop 6D1, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle WA 98105.
Dr. Robison: Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, MMC 422, Minneapolis, MN 55455.
Author Contributions: Conception and design: L.B. Kenney, J.P. Neglia, D. Friedman, L.L. Robison, L. Diller.
Analysis and interpretation of the data: L.B. Kenney, Y. Yasui, P.D. Inskip, S. Hammond, J.P. Neglia, A.C. Mertens, D. Friedman, L.L. Robison, L. Diller.
Drafting of the article: L.B. Kenney, Y. Yasui.
Critical revision of the article for important intellectual content: L.B. Kenney, P.D. Inskip, J.P. Neglia, A.C. Mertens, A.T. Meadows, D. Friedman, L.L. Robison, L. Diller.
Final approval of the article: L.B. Kenney, P.D. Inskip, S. Hammond, J.P. Neglia, A.C. Mertens, A.T. Meadows, D. Friedman, L.L. Robison, L. Diller.
Provision of study materials or patients: S. Hammond, A.C. Mertens, D. Friedman, L.L. Robison.
Statistical expertise: Y. Yasui, P.D. Inskip.
Obtaining of funding: J.P. Neglia, A.C. Mertens, L.L. Robison.
Administrative, technical, or logistic support: S. Hammond, A.C. Mertens, L.L. Robison.
Collection and assembly of data: S. Hammond, L.L. Robison. ARTICLE
Breast Cancer after Childhood Cancer: A Report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
CiteULike 
Complore 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Facebook 
Reddit 
Technorati 
Twitter What's this?
Related articles in Annals:
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  P. C. Nathan, J. S. Ford, T. O. Henderson, M. M. Hudson, K. M. Emmons, J. N. Casillas, E. A. Lown, K. K. Ness, and K. C. Oeffinger Health Behaviors, Medical Care, and Interventions to Promote Healthy Living in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Cohort J. Clin. Oncol., May 10, 2009; 27(14): 2363 - 2373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. T. Meadows, D. L. Friedman, J. P. Neglia, A. C. Mertens, S. S. Donaldson, M. Stovall, S. Hammond, Y. Yasui, and P. D. Inskip Second Neoplasms in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: Findings From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Cohort J. Clin. Oncol., May 10, 2009; 27(14): 2356 - 2362. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. M. Hudson, D. A. Mulrooney, D. C. Bowers, C. A. Sklar, D. M. Green, S. S. Donaldson, K. C. Oeffinger, J. P. Neglia, A. T. Meadows, and L. L. Robison High-Risk Populations Identified in Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Investigations: Implications for Risk-Based Surveillance J. Clin. Oncol., May 10, 2009; 27(14): 2405 - 2414. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. L. Robison, G. T. Armstrong, J. D. Boice, E. J. Chow, S. M. Davies, S. S. Donaldson, D. M. Green, S. Hammond, A. T. Meadows, A. C. Mertens, et al. The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study: A National Cancer Institute-Supported Resource for Outcome and Intervention Research J. Clin. Oncol., May 10, 2009; 27(14): 2308 - 2318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. L. Cox, M. M. Hudson, A. Mertens, K. Oeffinger, J. Whitton, M. Montgomery, and L. L. Robison Medical Screening Participation in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Arch Intern Med, March 9, 2009; 169(5): 454 - 462. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. D. Rizzo, R. E. Curtis, G. Socie, K. A. Sobocinski, E. Gilbert, O. Landgren, L. B. Travis, W. D. Travis, M. E. D. Flowers, D. L. Friedman, et al. Solid cancers after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation Blood, January 29, 2009; 113(5): 1175 - 1183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. C. Oeffinger, J. S. Ford, C. S. Moskowitz, L. R. Diller, M. M. Hudson, J. F. Chou, S. M. Smith, A. C. Mertens, T. O. Henderson, D. L. Friedman, et al. Breast Cancer Surveillance Practices Among Women Previously Treated With Chest Radiation for a Childhood Cancer JAMA, January 28, 2009; 301(4): 404 - 414. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. Taylor and R. E. Taylor Surveillance for Breast Cancer After Childhood Cancer JAMA, January 28, 2009; 301(4): 435 - 436. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Bhatia and L. L. Robison Cancer Survivorship Research: Opportunities and Future Needs for Expanding the Research Base Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., July 1, 2008; 17(7): 1551 - 1557. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Mody, S. Li, D. C. Dover, S. Sallan, W. Leisenring, K. C. Oeffinger, Y. Yasui, L. L. Robison, and J. P. Neglia Twenty-five-year follow-up among survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Blood, June 15, 2008; 111(12): 5515 - 5523. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. Ronckers, M. M. Doody, J. E. Lonstein, M. Stovall, and C. E. Land Multiple Diagnostic X-rays for Spine Deformities and Risk of Breast Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., March 1, 2008; 17(3): 605 - 613. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. L. Friedman, A. Rovo, W. Leisenring, A. Locasciulli, M. E. D. Flowers, A. Tichelli, J. E. Sanders, H. J. Deeg, and G. Socie Increased risk of breast cancer among survivors of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a report from the FHCRC and the EBMT-Late Effect Working Party Blood, January 15, 2008; 111(2): 939 - 944. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Guerin, M. Hawkins, A. Shamsaldin, C. Guibout, I. Diallo, O. Oberlin, L. Brugieres, and F. de Vathaire Treatment-Adjusted Predisposition to Second Malignant Neoplasms After a Solid Cancer in Childhood: A Case-Control Study J. Clin. Oncol., July 1, 2007; 25(19): 2833 - 2839. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. M. Geenen, M. C. Cardous-Ubbink, L. C. M. Kremer, C. van den Bos, H. J. H. van der Pal, R. C. Heinen, M. W. M. Jaspers, C. C. E. Koning, F. Oldenburger, N. E. Langeveld, et al. Medical Assessment of Adverse Health Outcomes in Long-term Survivors of Childhood Cancer JAMA, June 27, 2007; 297(24): 2705 - 2715. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Maule, G. Scelo, G. Pastore, P. Brennan, K. Hemminki, E. Tracey, R. Sankila, E. Weiderpass, J. H. Olsen, M. L. McBride, et al. Risk of Second Malignant Neoplasms After Childhood Leukemia and Lymphoma: An International Study J Natl Cancer Inst, May 16, 2007; 99(10): 790 - 800. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G Sanna, K Lorizzo, N Rotmensz, V Bagnardi, S Cinieri, M Colleoni, F Nole, and A Goldhirsch Breast cancer in Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma survivors Ann. Onc., February 1, 2007; 18(2): 288 - 292. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. T. Meadows Retinoblastoma Survivors: Sarcomas and Surveillance J Natl Cancer Inst, January 3, 2007; 99(1): 3 - 5. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. B. Smith and L. Bashore The Effect of Clinic-Based Health Promotion Education on Perceived Health Status and Health Promotion Behaviors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivors Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing, November 1, 2006; 23(6): 326 - 334. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Ron Childhood cancer--treatment at a cost. J Natl Cancer Inst, November 1, 2006; 98(21): 1510 - 1511. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. C. Oeffinger, A. C. Mertens, C. A. Sklar, T. Kawashima, M. M. Hudson, A. T. Meadows, D. L. Friedman, N. Marina, W. Hobbie, N. S. Kadan-Lottick, et al. Chronic Health Conditions in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer. N. Engl. J. Med., October 12, 2006; 355(15): 1572 - 1582. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Bassal, A. C. Mertens, L. Taylor, J. P. Neglia, B. S. Greffe, S. Hammond, C. M. Ronckers, D. L. Friedman, M. Stovall, Y. Y. Yasui, et al. Risk of Selected Subsequent Carcinomas in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study J. Clin. Oncol., January 20, 2006; 24(3): 476 - 483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. B. Travis, D. Hill, G. M. Dores, M. Gospodarowicz, F. E. van Leeuwen, E. Holowaty, B. Glimelius, M. Andersson, E. Pukkala, C. F. Lynch, et al. Cumulative Absolute Breast Cancer Risk for Young Women Treated for Hodgkin Lymphoma J Natl Cancer Inst, October 5, 2005; 97(19): 1428 - 1437. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Rossi Breast Cancer after Childhood Cancer Ann Intern Med, March 15, 2005; 142(6): 471 - 471. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Howard Breast Cancer after Childhood Cancer Ann Intern Med, March 15, 2005; 142(6): 471 - 472. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. R. Schover Sexuality and Fertility after Cancer Hematology, January 1, 2005; 2005(1): 523 - 527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
Read all Rapid Responses
