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REVIEW

Stem-Cell Transplantation in Myocardial Infarction: A Status Report

Michael S. Lee, MD, and Raj R. Makkar, MD

4 May 2004 | Volume 140 Issue 9 | Pages 729-737

Myocardial infarction is the leading cause of congestive heart failure and death in the industrialized world. Current therapy is limited in preventing the progression of ventricular remodeling and congestive heart failure. Recent interest has focused on stem cells, which are undifferentiated and pluripotent cells that can proliferate, potentially self-renew, and differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Myocardial regeneration with stem-cell transplantation is a possible treatment option to reverse the deleterious hemodynamic and neurohormonal effects that occur after myocardial infarction and can lead to congestive heart failure. Various preclinical animal studies show the potential to regenerate myocardium and improve perfusion to the infarct area to improve cardiac function but also suggest that stem cells may have proarrhythmic effects. Early phase I clinical studies indicate that stem-cell transplantation is feasible and may have beneficial effects on ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Future randomized clinical trials will establish the magnitude of the benefit and the effects on arrhythmias after stem-cell therapy.

Author and Article Information

From St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California.

Potential Financial Conflicts of Interest: None disclosed.

Requests for Single Reprints: Raj R. Makkar, MD, Division of Cardiology, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8631 West 3rd Street #415E, Los Angeles, CA 90048; e-mail, raj.makkar{at}cshs.org.

Current Author Addresses: Dr. Lee: Division of Cardiology, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, 1111 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10025.

Dr. Makkar: Division of Cardiology, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8631 West 3rd Street #415E, Los Angeles, CA 90048.

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Can Stem Cells Restore Cardiac Tissue after a Heart Attack?

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