 |
 |
|
Home |
Current Issue |
Past Issues |
In the Clinic |
ACP Journal Club |
CME |
Collections |
Audio/Video |
Mobile |
Subscribe |
Tools |
Help |
ACP Online
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 September 2003 | Volume 139 Issue 5 Part 2 | Pages 455-459
The Compression of Morbidity paradigm, introduced in 1980, maintains that if the average age at first infirmity, disability, or other morbidity is postponed and if this postponement is greater than increases in life expectancy, then cumulative lifetime morbidity will decrease—compressed between a later onset and the time of death. The National Long-Term Care Survey, the National Health Interview Survey, and other data now document declining disability trends beginning in 1982 and accelerating more recently. The decline is about 2% per year, contrasted with a decline in mortality rates of about 1% per year, thereby documenting compression of morbidity in the United States at the population level. Longitudinal studies now link good health risk status with long-term reductions in cumulative lifetime disability; persons with few behavioral health risks have only one-fourth the disability of those who have more risk factors, and the onset of disability is postponed from 7 to 12 years, far more than any increases in longevity in the groups. Randomized, controlled trials of health enhancement programs in elderly populations show reduction in health risks, improved health status, and decreased medical care utilization. Health policy initiatives now being undertaken have promise of increasing and consolidating health gains for the elderly.
Author and Article Information
From Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Grant Support: By grants AG15815 and AR43585 from the National Institutes of Health to ARAMIS (Arthritis, Rheumatism, and Aging Medical Information System).
Potential Financial Conflicts of Interest: None disclosed.
Requests for Single Reprints: James F. Fries, MD, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1000 Welch Road, Suite 203, Palo Alto, CA 94304. DETERMINANTS OF SUCCESSFUL AGING: DEVELOPING AN INTEGRATED RESEARCH AGENDA FOR THE 21ST CENTURY
Christopher M. Callahan, MD; Colleen A. McHorney, PhD; and Cynthia D. Mulrow, MD, MSc, Editors
Measuring and Monitoring Success in Compressing Morbidity
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  B. A. Shaw and L. S. Spokane Examining the Association Between Education Level and Physical Activity Changes During Early Old Age J Aging Health, October 1, 2008; 20(7): 767 - 787. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Murabito, M. J. Pencina, L. Zhu, M. Kelly-Hayes, P. Shrader, and R. B. D'Agostino Sr Temporal Trends in Self-Reported Functional Limitations and Physical Disability Among the Community-Dwelling Elderly Population: The Framingham Heart Study Am J Public Health, July 1, 2008; 98(7): 1256 - 1262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Guilley and C. J. Lalive d'Epinay Social Status and Mortality With Activity of Daily Living Disability in Later Life J. Gerontol. B. Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci., May 1, 2008; 63(3): S192 - S196. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. F. Terry, P. Sebastiani, S. L. Andersen, and T. T. Perls Disentangling the Roles of Disability and Morbidity in Survival to Exceptional Old Age Arch Intern Med, February 11, 2008; 168(3): 277 - 283. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. McKee Solidarity in a unified Europe Eur J Public Health, February 1, 2008; 18(1): 2 - 4. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. G. Parker and M. Thorslund Health Trends in the Elderly Population: Getting Better and Getting Worse Gerontologist, April 1, 2007; 47(2): 150 - 158. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. E. Thorpe and D. H. Howard The Rise In Spending Among Medicare Beneficiaries: The Role Of Chronic Disease Prevalence And Changes In Treatment Intensity Health Aff., September 1, 2006; 25(5): w378 - w388. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Larsson and M. Thorslund Chapter 8: Old people's health Scand J Public Health, June 1, 2006; 34(67_suppl): 185 - 198. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y G Doyle, A Furey, and J Flowers Sick individuals and sick populations: 20 years later J. Epidemiol. Community Health, May 1, 2006; 60(5): 396 - 398. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. M. Gill and E. A. Gahbauer Overestimation of Chronic Disability Among Elderly Persons Arch Intern Med, December 12, 2005; 165(22): 2625 - 2630. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. H. Metz and S. J. Labrooy The future of geriatric medicine in an era of patient choice Age Ageing, November 1, 2005; 34(6): 553 - 555. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A D N J de Grey Life extension, human rights, and the rational refinement of repugnance J. Med. Ethics, November 1, 2005; 31(11): 659 - 663. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Sagardui-Villamor, P. Guallar-Castillon, M. Garcia-Ferruelo, J. R. Banegas, and F. Rodriguez-Artalejo Trends in Disability and Disability-Free Life Expectancy Among Elderly People in Spain: 1986-1999 J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., August 1, 2005; 60(8): 1028 - 1034. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. W Gregg and C. J Caspersen Review: Physical disability and the cumulative impact of diabetes in older adults The British Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease, January 1, 2005; 5(1): 13 - 17. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Bobak, M. Kristenson, H. Pikhart, and M. Marmot Life span and disability: a cross sectional comparison of Russian and Swedish community based data BMJ, October 2, 2004; 329(7469): 767. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Graham, T. Blakely, P. Davis, A. Sporle, and N. Pearce Compression, expansion, or dynamic equilibrium? The evolution of health expectancy in New Zealand J. Epidemiol. Community Health, August 1, 2004; 58(8): 659 - 666. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Yach, C. Hawkes, C. L. Gould, and K. J. Hofman The Global Burden of Chronic Diseases: Overcoming Impediments to Prevention and Control JAMA, June 2, 2004; 291(21): 2616 - 2622. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. Fries Robine and Michel's "Looking Forward to a General Theory on Population Aging": Commentary J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., June 1, 2004; 59(6): M603 - M605. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.-M. G. Wilson Robine and Michel's "Looking Forward to a General Theory on Population Aging": Commentary: Clash of the Titans: Death, Old Age, and the Devil's Advocate J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., June 1, 2004; 59(6): M612 - M615. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
Article
