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19 October 1999 | Volume 131 Issue 8 | Pages 573-577
Background: Results of cross-sectional and retrospective studies have suggested that chronic infection may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, prospective data evaluating the relation between baseline antibody titers against various plausible agents and risk for cardiovascular disease are sparse, particularly among women.
Objective: To determine whether previous exposure to Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, herpes simplex virus, or cytomegalovirus is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular events.
Design: Prospective, nested, case–control study.
Setting: Women's Health Study.
Participants: Apparently healthy postmenopausal women.
Measurements: IgG antibody titers against C. pneumoniae, H. pylori, herpes simplex virus, and cytomegalovirus were measured in baseline blood samples obtained from 122 study participants who subsequently reported a first cardiovascular event (case-patients) and 244 participants matched for age and smoking status who did not report a cardiovascular event (controls) during 3 years of follow-up.
Results: Little evidence was found of an association between risk for cardiovascular events and baseline IgG seropositivity for antibodies against C. pneumoniae (rate ratio, 1.1 [95% CI, 0.7 to 1.8]), H. pylori (rate ratio, 0.90 [CI, 0.6 to 1.4]), herpes simplex virus (rate ratio, 1.2 [CI, 0.6 to 2.1]), and cytomegalovirus (rate ratio, 0.9 [CI, 0.6 to 1.5]). In addition, there was little evidence of an association between a participant's total number of infections and subsequent cardiovascular risk (P > 0.2).
Conclusion: In apparently healthy postmenopausal women, little evidence was found that previous infection, as measured by IgG antibody titers to C. pneumoniae, H. pylori, herpes simplex virus, and cytomegalovirus, is associated with subsequent risk for cardiovascular disease.
Author and Article Information
From Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois.
Grant Support: By the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL58755) and by an Established Investigator Award from the American Heart Association (Dr. Ridker).
Requests for Reprints: Paul M. Ridker, MD, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115. For reprint orders in quantities exceeding 100, please contact the Reprints Coordinator; phone, 215-351-2657; e-mail, reprints{at}mail.acponline.org.
Current Author Addresses: Dr. Ridker: Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115.
Drs. Hennekens, Buring, and Kundsin: Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Avenue East, Boston, MA 02215.
Dr. Shih: Abbott Laboratories, D-9FS AP20, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL 60064-6015. ARTICLE
Baseline IgG Antibody Titers to Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, Herpes Simplex Virus, and Cytomegalovirus and the Risk for Cardiovascular Disease in Women
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