 |
 |
|
Home |
Current Issue |
Past Issues |
In the Clinic |
ACP Journal Club |
CME |
Collections |
Audio/Video |
Mobile |
Subscribe |
Tools |
Help |
ACP Online
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15 December 1995 | Volume 123 Issue 12 | Pages 911-918
Objective: To determine whether dietary supplementation with fish oil adversely affects glycemic control in patients with hypertension.
Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Patients: 78 persons with untreated hypertension recruited from a population survey.
Intervention: Participants were randomly assigned to receive eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, 4 g/d, or corn oil placebo, 4 g/d, for 16 weeks.
Measurements: An oral glucose tolerance test; assessments of insulin release, glucose disposal, and insulin sensitivity done using the hyperglycemic clamp technique to keep plasma glucose levels at 10 mmol/L for 180 minutes; assessment of insulin sensitivity done using a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique (infusing insulin and glucose to keep plasma glucose levels at 5 mmol/L); assessments of lipid levels and blood pressure. Measurements were done before and after intervention.
Results: Changes in integrated glucose and insulin response after the oral glucose challenge did not differ between the fish oil and corn oil groups after intervention (–0.6 ± 0.7 compared with –1.0 ± 0.6 mmol/L [P > 0.3] for integrated glucose and 143 ± 76 compared with 169 ± 84 pmol/L [P > 0.3] for insulin response). Changes in first-phase insulin release (34 ± 72 pmol/L in the fish oil group compared with 191 ± 112 pmol/L in the corn oil group [P > 0.3]), second-phase insulin release (179 ± 66 pmol/L compared with 257 ± 122 pmol/L [P > 0.3]), and insulin sensitivity index (–0.03 ± 0.01 compared with –0.01 ± 0.01 [µmol/kg · min ÷ pmol/L]; P > 0.3) were also similar in both groups after treatment. Fish oil lowered systolic blood pressure by 3.8 mm Hg more than control (P = 0.04) and lowered diastolic blood pressure by 2.0 mm Hg more than control (P = 0.10). After fish oil treatment, triglyceride levels decreased by 0.28 ± 0.08 mmol/L more than control (P = 0.01), and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased by 0.13 ± 0.04 mmol/L more than control (P = 0.01).
Conclusion: Fish oil, in doses that reduce blood pressure and lipid levels in hypertensive persons, does not adversely affect glucose metabolism.
Author and Article Information
From the University of Tromso and Tromso University Hospital, Tromso, Norway.
ARTICLE
Effects of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Glucose Homeostasis and Blood Pressure in Essential Hypertension
A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Acknowledgments: The authors thank the staff of the General Clinical Research Centre and thank Jorunn Ekrem, Angstromse Lund Bendiksen, Gro Bolstad, and Hege Iversen for technical assistance.
Grant Support: In part by the Norwegian Diabetes Association, Nordic Research Funding, and the Research Council of Norway. Pronova Biocare provided the test medication.
Requests for Reprints: Ingrid Toft, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Tromso University Hospital, N-9038 Tromso, Norway.
Current Author Addresses: Drs. Toft, Nordoy, and Jenssen: Department of Internal Medicine, Tromso University Hospital, N-9038 Tromso, Norway. Dr. Bonaa: Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromso, N-9037 Tromso, Norway.
Dr. Ingebretsen: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Tromso University Hospital, N-9038 Tromso, Norway.
Related articles in Annals:
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  V. Robbez Masson, A. Lucas, A.-M. Gueugneau, J.-P. Macaire, J.-L. Paul, A. Grynberg, and D. Rousseau Long-Chain (n-3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Prevent Metabolic and Vascular Disorders in Fructose-Fed Rats J. Nutr., October 1, 2008; 138(10): 1915 - 1922. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. P. Ander, C. Hurtado, C. S. Raposo, T. G. Maddaford, J. F. Deniset, L. V. Hryshko, G. N. Pierce, and A. Lukas Differential sensitivities of the NCX1.1 and NCX1.3 isoforms of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger to {alpha}-linolenic acid Cardiovasc Res, January 15, 2007; 73(2): 395 - 403. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. A. Gudbrandsen, M. Hultstrom, S. Leh, L. Monica Bivol, O. Vagnes, R. K. Berge, and B. M. Iversen Prevention of Hypertension and Organ Damage in 2-Kidney, 1-Clip Rats by Tetradecylthioacetic Acid Hypertension, September 1, 2006; 48(3): 460 - 466. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Mozaffarian, A. Geelen, I. A. Brouwer, J. M. Geleijnse, P. L. Zock, and M. B. Katan Effect of Fish Oil on Heart Rate in Humans: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Circulation, September 27, 2005; 112(13): 1945 - 1952. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. M Brady, S. S Lovegrove, S. V. Lesauvage, B. A Gower, A.-M. Minihane, C. M Williams, and J. A Lovegrove Increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids do not attenuate the effects of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on insulin sensitivity or triacylglycerol reduction in Indian Asians Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2004; 79(6): 983 - 991. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. E Kelley Sugars and starch in the nutritional management of diabetes mellitus Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2003; 78(4): 858S - 864. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J Woodman, T. A Mori, V. Burke, I. B Puddey, G. F Watts, and L. J Beilin Effects of purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on glycemic control, blood pressure, and serum lipids in type 2 diabetic patients with treated hypertension Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2002; 76(5): 1007 - 1015. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C.P.M Leeson, A Mann, M Kattenhorn, J.E Deanfield, A Lucas, and D.P.R Muller Relationship between circulating n-3 fatty acid concentrations and endothelial function in early adulthood Eur. Heart J., February 1, 2002; 23(3): 216 - 222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. J. Franz, J. P. Bantle, C. A. Beebe, J. D. Brunzell, J.-L. Chiasson, A. Garg, L. A. Holzmeister, B. Hoogwerf, E. Mayer-Davis, A. D. Mooradian, et al. Evidence-Based Nutrition Principles and Recommendations for the Treatment and Prevention of Diabetes and Related Complications Diabetes Care, January 1, 2002; 25(1): 148 - 198. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Lopez, C. Caballero, J. Sanchez, P. Puig-Parellada, and M. T. Mitjavila Free radical production in aortic rings from rats fed a fish oil-rich diet Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2001; 280(6): H2929 - H2935. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Oberman Hypertriglyceridemia and Coronary Heart Disease J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2000; 85(6): 2098 - 2105. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A Mori, V. Burke, I. B Puddey, G. F Watts, D. N O'Neal, J. D Best, and L. J Beilin Purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids have differential effects on serum lipids and lipoproteins, LDL particle size, glucose, and insulin in mildly hyperlipidemic men Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2000; 71(5): 1085 - 1094. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. A. Ferrara, A. S. Raimondi, L. d'Episcopo, L. Guida, A. Dello Russo, and T. Marotta Olive Oil and Reduced Need for Antihypertensive Medications Arch Intern Med, March 27, 2000; 160(6): 837 - 842. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Eritsland Safety considerations of polyunsaturated fatty acids Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2000; 71(1): 197S - 201S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. von Schacky n-3 Fatty acids and the prevention of coronary atherosclerosis1 Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2000; 71(1): 224S - 227S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Nordoy, K. H. Bonaa, P. M. Sandset, J.-B. Hansen, and H. Nilsen Effect of {omega}-3 Fatty Acids and Simvastatin on Hemostatic Risk Factors and Postprandial Hyperlipemia in Patients With Combined Hyperlipemia Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., January 1, 2000; 20(1): 259 - 265. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A Mori, D. Q Bao, V. Burke, I. B Puddey, G. F Watts, and L. J Beilin Dietary fish as a major component of a weight-loss diet: effect on serum lipids, glucose, and insulin metabolism in overweight hypertensive subjects Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 1999; 70(5): 817 - 825. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A. Mori, D. Q. Bao, V. Burke, I. B. Puddey, and L. J. Beilin Docosahexaenoic Acid but Not Eicosapentaenoic Acid Lowers Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Humans Hypertension, August 1, 1999; 34(2): 253 - 260. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Q. Bao, T. A. Mori, V. Burke, I. B. Puddey, and L. J. Beilin Effects of Dietary Fish and Weight Reduction on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Overweight Hypertensives Hypertension, October 1, 1998; 32(4): 710 - 717. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Toft, K. H. Bonaa, O. C. Ingebretsen, A. Nordoy, and T. Jenssen Fibrinolytic Function After Dietary Supplementation With {omega}3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., May 1, 1997; 17(5): 814 - 819. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. E. Connor Diabetes, Fish Oil, and Vascular Disease Ann Intern Med, December 15, 1995; 123(12): 950 - 952. [Full Text]
|
|
Article
