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15 August 1993 | Volume 119 Issue 4 | Pages 312-323
Purpose: To determine whether
Data Sources: Randomized controlled studies published in the English literature between January 1966 and June 1992 were identified through a MEDLINE computer search.
Study Selection: Fifteen randomized controlled studies with a total of 837 adult chronic HBV carriers who were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were identified. Studies were included if patients were treated for at least 3 months and followed for at least 6 months after cessation of therapy.
Results: Overall, the loss of HBsAg occurred 6% more often in interferon-treated patients than the natural seroconversion seen in controls (7.8% compared with 1.8%, P = 0.001), and the loss of viral replication occurred approximately 20% more often in treated patients than in controls (33% compared with 12% for loss of HBeAg and 37% compared with 17% for the loss of HBV DNA, P = 0.0001) if patients received interferon for 3 to 6 months and were followed for 6 to 12 months. Interferon also had a significant treatment effect on the development of antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs), antibodies to HBeAg (anti-HBe), and on the normalization of alanine aminotransferase levels.
Conclusions: Alpha-interferon is effective in terminating viral replication and in eradicating the carrier state in patients with chronic HBV infection who are HBeAg positive when these patients are treated for 3 to 6 months and followed for 6 to 12 months after cessation of therapy. Follow-up studies are required to determine whether interferon reduces the risk for developing cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma.
Author and Article Information
From the Toronto Hospital and the Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario.
REVIEW
Effect of Alpha-Interferon Treatment in Patients with Hepatitis B e Antigen-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B
A Meta-Analysis
-interferon is effective in terminating viral replication and in eradicating the carrier state in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
Requests for Reprints: Jenny Heathcote, MD, 399 Bathurst Street, ECW 7-006, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.
Acknowledgments: The authors thank Dr. Edward Etchells and Dr. David Naimark for assessing the quality of the studies used in our meta-analysis and Drs. A. Lok, R. Muller, G. Pastore, M. Sabbour, and G. Saracco for providing additional information about their studies.
Grant Support: Dr. Detsky is supported by a National Health Research Scholar Award from Health and Welfare Canada. Dr. Naylor is supported by a Career Scientist Award (02387) from the Ontario Ministry of Health.
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